Jan '26: Review Alert!

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are emerging as key drivers of allergic airways disease, capable of triggering allergic responses independently of the adaptive immune system. These cells release large quantities of inflammatory cytokines — including IL-5 and IL-13 — that fuel conditions like asthma, which affects up to 300 million people worldwide. This review explores the current understanding of ILC2 biology, including how these cells are classified, how they adapt across different environments, and how their activity is shaped by immune signals, neuroendocrine factors, and diet. Growing knowledge in this field may open the door to novel therapeutic approaches for asthma and related allergic conditions.

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